LPG Fuel for Motorcycles
Automotive enthusiasts who know a lot of LPG can be replaced when the gasoline engine runs like a motorcycle. The result will be more economical and environmentally friendly. However, the facts are still too few people who dared to apply it.
“If you do not know the technique, LPG cylinder for motorcycle fuel could explode and harm others around him”, said Budi Soelaiman Sunarto, founder of the Business Multipurpose Cooperative (KSU) Agro Makmur, Karanganyar regency, Central Java.
Currently LPG in containers the size of three kilograms of small tubes is very easy to find. But, still not so many people are familiar with gasoline to LPG conversion techniques to running motorcycle engine.
Since 1998, Budi formed the company in the village of Agro Makmur Doplang, Karangpandan, Karanganyar District. He developed an environmentally friendly energy technology-based ethanol and bio-methane or biogas. Equipped also making its production facilities, such as biogas tool to convert waste consumption of dry organic waste into methane or facilities for the use of bio-ethanol with fuel-efficient stoves ethanol.
Natural Gas Flow Measurement
In the measurement of gas flow rate, there are several types of systems-meter (gauge) commonly used, among others:
1. Diaphragm Meter
2. Turbine Meter
3. Orifice Meter
4. Ultra Sonic Meter (USM)
How to Use Planimeter in Natural Gas Flow Measurement
Orifice meters used to measure the volume or flow rate of natural gas, in addition to using computer flow units as a means of output data, also prepared a back up facility Chart Recorder. This chart used to record fluctuations Static Pressure (P), Temperature (T), and Differential Pressure (DP) for 24 hours. To be able to know the amount of each transmitter used a planimeter aids. This tool is more commonly used as a tool to calculate the area of a region on a map.
Chart Recorder
Flow / Chart Recorder is used as a backup tool for electronic flow measurement computers on meter system, both in customers and with the supplier (off-take). Chart Recorder is commonly used brand of ITT Barton or Foxboro.
Natural Gas
Natural gas often also referred to as natural gas or marsh gas, is a fossil fuel is a gas that consists primarily of methane (CH4). He can be found in oil fields, gas fields and coal mines. When the gas rich in methane produced by anaerobic bacterial decomposition of organic materials other than fossil, then it is called biogas. Sources of biogas can be found in the swamp, garbage landfills, and storage of human and animal feces.
Chemical Composition
The main component of natural gas is methane (CH4), which is the shortest chain hydrocarbon molecules and the lightest. Natural gas also contains molecules heavier hydrocarbons such as ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10), as well as gases that contain sulfur (sulfur). Natural gas is also a major source for the helium source.
Methane is a greenhouse gas that can create global warming when released into the atmosphere, and is generally regarded as a pollutant rather than a useful energy source. However, methane in the atmosphere reacts with ozone, producing carbon dioxide and water, so the greenhouse effect of methane released into the air is relatively only a moment. Source of methane that comes from living things mostly from termites, cattle (mammal) and agriculture (estimated levels of emissions are approximately 15, 75 and 100 million tons per year respectively).
Obtaining Natural Gas Sample
In the analysis of natural gas quality, early stage to consider is taking a sample (sampling). Contaminants are carried at the time of sampling will certainly affect the results of the analysis. The main purpose of the sampling process is to obtain a representative sample that represents the product of the source / point-making, which is required for the purposes of physical and chemical analysis of these products in the laboratory, with the parameters and test methods specified.
Standard Methods:
ASTM D 1145: Test Method for Sampling Natural Gas
The procedure was differentiated based on the content of the gas to be analyzed,
Needs some differential sampling methods, namely:
Natural gas to the main content of hydrocarbons and nitrogen,
Natural gas that containing hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfur or other sulfur contaminants,
Natural gas that containing CO2,
Natural gas that containing gasoline and condensate,
GPA 2166: Obtaining Natural Gas Samples for Analysis by Gas Chromatography
Sampling methods based on the conditions of temperature, pressure source of gas samples and equipment available. With standard sampling procedures performed to obtain GPA spot representative sample container for analysis in laboratory. Some of the existing sampling procedures, suitable for wet gas sampling (wet / rich Natural Gas) at a pressure of 1100 psig, while for the (dry / lean Natural Gas) there is no specific limit to the pressure.
Heating Value of Natural Gas
In determining the heating value of natural gas, whether the composition hydrocarbon (such as ethane or propane) also affects?
Heating value has nothing to do with something hot to heat the substance. Heating value is the value of the heat generated from complete combustion of a substance at a particular temperature.
Excellent hydrocarbon combustion reactions like this:
CxHy [...]
